Critically endangered species of India

Critically endangered is the highest risk category assigned by the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) re d lIs t to wild species. There are  five quantitative criteria to determine whether a taxon is threatened. A taxon is  critically endangered when the best availabile evidence indicates that it meets any of the following criteria:
I.     Populations have declined or will decrease, by greater than 80% over the last 10 or three generations.
II.   Have a restricted geographical range.
III.  Small population size of less than 250 individuals and continuing decline at 25% in 3 years or one generation.
IV.   Very small or restricted population of fewer than 50 mature individuals.
V.    High probability of extinction in the wild.


As per the latest (2011) quantitative evaluation done by the International Union for  Conservation of Nature (IUCN) there are 57 critically endangered species of animals in India. A few of them (which I found relevant) are listed below.

NAME	DEDICATED SANCTUARY / Found in...	FOUND IN	HABITAT
Jerdon’s Courser	Sri Lankamaleshwara Wildlife Sanctuary, Andhra P.	Only in northern A.P.	Scrub jungle
Forest Owlet	-	Southern MP, NW  and N Central Maharashtra,	Dry Deciduous Forest
White bellied Heron	-	Assam, Arunachal P., Bhutan, Myanmar	Rivers with sand or gravel bars
White backed Vulture		All over India. A major threat to vultures is the painkiller diclofenac used by veterinarians to treat cattle.
Slender-billed Vulture
Long billed Vulture
Red-headed vulture
Bengal Florican- type of Bustard	-	Only in 3 countries: Cambodia, Nepal and India (UP, Assam, Arunachal P.)	Grasslands interspersed with scrubland
Siberian Crane	Keoladeo National Park, Raj.
MAMMALS
Pygmy Hog (world’s smallest wild pig)	Manas Wildlife Sanctuary
Andaman White-toothed Shrew, Jenkin’s Andaman Spiny Shrew, Nicobar white-tailed shrew (rats)	-	Andaman and Nicobar Islands. These are endemic to India
Namdapha Flying Squirrel	Found only in Namdapha Tiger Reserve (Arunachal P)
Malabar Civet		Western Ghats. Endemic to India.
REPTILES
Gharial	National  Chambal Sanctuary(UP+MP+Raj)	Small populations in Son, Gandak, Hooghly and Ghagra Rivers	Clean rives with sand banks
Hawksbill Turtle	-	Nest in Andaman & Nicobar Islands and beaches of Tamil Nadu.
Leatherback Turtle (largest sea-turtle)			-Tropical and sub-tropical oceans.

Listed from a GoI report (2011)
http://moef.nic.in/downloads/public-information/critically_endangered_booklet.pdf